@prefix : <http://purl.org/spar/bido-standard-bibliometric-measures/> .
@prefix bibo: <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/> .
@prefix bido: <http://purl.org/spar/bido/> .
@prefix dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/> .
@prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix fabio: <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix reg: <http://purl.org/linked-data/registry#> .
@prefix schema: <https://schema.org/> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix time: <http://www.w3.org/2006/time#> .
@prefix tvc: <http://www.essepuntato.it/2012/04/tvc/> .
@prefix vann: <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/> .
@prefix vs: <http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .

dc:contributor a owl:AnnotationProperty .

dc:creator a owl:AnnotationProperty .

dc:date a owl:AnnotationProperty .

dc:description a owl:AnnotationProperty .

dc:rights a owl:AnnotationProperty .

dc:title a owl:AnnotationProperty .

<http://purl.org/spar/bido-standard-bibliometric-measures> a owl:Ontology ;
    rdfs:label "BiDO Standard Bibliometric Measures module (BiDO-Standard-Bibliometric-Measures)" ;
    dc:contributor "Sebastian Barzaghi (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0799-1527)"^^xsd:string ;
    dc:creator "Enrico Motta (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0015-1952)",
        "Francesco Osborne (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6557-3131)",
        "Silvio Peroni (http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0530-4305)" ;
    dc:date "2026-10-05" ;
    dc:description """
This module of BiDO describes a list of possible bibliometric measures that can be used to define bibliometric data of publication-related entities, e.g.: h-index, e-index, journal impact factor, author citation count.

![The architecture of the BiDO-Standard-Bibliometric-Measures module.](bido-standard-bibliometric-measures.png)

"""@en ;
    dc:title "The BiDO Standard Bibliometric Measures module (BiDO-Standard-Bibliometric-Measures)" ;
    dcterms:bibliographicCitation "Osborne, F., Peroni, S., Motta, E. (2014). Clustering Citation Distributions for Semantic Categorization and Citation Prediction. In Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Linked Science (LISC 2014): 24–35. http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1282/lisc2014_submission_9.pdf" ;
    dcterms:created "2015-07-15" ;
    dcterms:issued "2015-07-15" ;
    dcterms:license <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ;
    dcterms:modified "2026-10-05" ;
    dcterms:publisher <https://ror.org/00wb4mk85> ;
    dcterms:source <https://github.com/SPAROntologies/bido/blob/master/docs/cq.md> ;
    bibo:doi "https://doi.org/10.25504/FAIRsharing.d7f0a9" ;
    bibo:status <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/status/published> ;
    vann:changes <https://github.com/SPAROntologies/bido-standard-bibliometric-measures/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md> ;
    vann:preferredNamespacePrefix "bido"@en ;
    vann:preferredNamespaceUri "http://purl.org/spar/bido"@en ;
    rdfs:seeAlso <http://www.sparontologies.net/ontologies/bido> ;
    owl:backwardCompatibleWith :2026-09-13 ;
    owl:imports <http://purl.org/spar/bido-core> ;
    owl:priorVersion :2026-09-13 ;
    owl:versionIRI :2026-10-05 ;
    owl:versionInfo "1.1.3"^^xsd:string ;
    foaf:logo <https://github.com/SPAROntologies/sparontologies.github.io/blob/master/static/img/spar/spar-logo.png> ;
    schema:codeRepository <https://github.com/SPAROntologies/bido> ;
    schema:includedInDataCatalog <https://fairsharing.org/> ;
    dc:language <http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-2/eng> ;
    schema:keywords 
        "SPAR Ontologies"@en ,
        "Semantic Publishing and Referencing Ontologies"@en ,
        "bibliometrics"@en,
        "bibliometric measures"@en,
        "scholarly publishing"@en,
        "scientometrics"@en,
        "semantic publishing"@en .

bido:author-citation-count a [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:allValuesFrom [ a owl:Restriction ;
                    owl:allValuesFrom [ a owl:Restriction ;
                            owl:allValuesFrom foaf:Person ;
                            owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf bido:holdsBibliometricDataInTime ] ] ;
                    owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf bido:withBibliometricData ] ] ;
            owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf bido:hasMeasure ] ],
        bido:BibliometricMeasure,
        owl:NamedIndividual ;
    rdfs:label "author citation count" ;
    vann:example """
    :my-numeric-bibliometric-data a bido:NumericBibliometricData ;
        bido:hasMeasure bido:author-citation-count ;
        bido:hasNumericValue "56"^^xsd:integer .
    """ ;
    rdfs:comment "The count of all the citation received by all the papers of a certain author." ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy : ;
    vs:term_status reg:statusStable .

bido:e-index a [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:allValuesFrom [ a owl:Restriction ;
                    owl:allValuesFrom [ a owl:Restriction ;
                            owl:allValuesFrom foaf:Person ;
                            owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf bido:holdsBibliometricDataInTime ] ] ;
                    owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf bido:withBibliometricData ] ] ;
            owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf bido:hasMeasure ] ],
        bido:BibliometricMeasure,
        owl:NamedIndividual ;
    rdfs:label "e-index" ;
    vann:example """
    :my-numeric-bibliometric-data a bido:NumericBibliometricData ;
        bido:hasMeasure bido:e-index ;
        bido:hasNumericValue "3"^^xsd:integer .
    """ ;
    rdfs:comment "An h-index complement, aimed at considering the contributions of excess citations, which are mainly from highly cited papers. It is necessary, especially for evaluating highly cited scientists or for precisely comparing the scientific output of a group of scientists having an identical h-index." ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy : ;
    vs:term_status reg:statusStable .

bido:h-index a [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:allValuesFrom [ a owl:Restriction ;
                    owl:allValuesFrom [ a owl:Restriction ;
                            owl:allValuesFrom foaf:Person ;
                            owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf bido:holdsBibliometricDataInTime ] ] ;
                    owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf bido:withBibliometricData ] ] ;
            owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf bido:hasMeasure ] ],
        bido:BibliometricMeasure,
        owl:NamedIndividual ;
    rdfs:label "h-index" ;
    vann:example """
    :my-numeric-bibliometric-data a bido:NumericBibliometricData ;
        bido:hasMeasure bido:h-index ;
        bido:hasNumericValue "8"^^xsd:integer .
    """ ;
    rdfs:comment "An index that attempts to measure both the productivity and impact of the published work of a scientist or scholar. The index is based on the set of the scientist's most cited papers and the number of citations that they have received in other publications. The index can also be applied to the productivity and impact of a group of scientists, such as a department or university or country, as well as a scholarly journal." ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy : ;
    vs:term_status reg:statusStable .

bido:journal-impact-factor a [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:allValuesFrom [ a owl:Restriction ;
                    owl:allValuesFrom [ a owl:Restriction ;
                            owl:allValuesFrom fabio:Journal ;
                            owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf bido:holdsBibliometricDataInTime ] ] ;
                    owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf bido:withBibliometricData ] ] ;
            owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf bido:hasMeasure ] ],
        bido:BibliometricMeasure,
        owl:NamedIndividual ;
    rdfs:label "journal impact factor" ;
    vann:example """
    :my-numeric-bibliometric-data a bido:NumericBibliometricData ;
        bido:hasMeasure bido:journal-impact-factor ;
        bido:hasNumericValue "2.464"^^xsd:float .
    """ ;
    rdfs:comment "A measure reflecting the average number of citations to recent articles published in the journal. It is frequently used as a proxy for the relative importance of a journal within its field, with journals with higher impact factors deemed to be more important than those with lower ones." ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy : ;
    vs:term_status reg:statusStable .

rdfs:comment a owl:AnnotationProperty .

rdfs:isDefinedBy a owl:AnnotationProperty .

rdfs:label a owl:AnnotationProperty .

owl:Thing a owl:Class .

owl:versionInfo a owl:AnnotationProperty .

fabio:Journal a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "journal"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "A scholarly periodical primarily devoted to the publication of original research papers."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy fabio: .

tvc:atTime a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "at time"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "The relation between a situation and the particular temporal instant or time period in which the situation takes place."@en ;
    rdfs:domain tvc:ValueInTime ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/tvc/> ;
    rdfs:range time:TemporalEntity .

tvc:hasValue a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has value"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "The relation between an entity and a value in time situation."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/tvc/> ;
    rdfs:range tvc:ValueInTime .

tvc:withinContext a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "within context"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "The relation between a value in time and the specific context within which the fact of the entity having the value is relevant."@en ;
    rdfs:domain tvc:ValueInTime ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/tvc/> .

skos:Concept a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "concept"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "An idea or notion; a unit of thought."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy skos: .

time:Interval a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "time interval"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal entity with an extent or duration."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy time: ;
    rdfs:subClassOf time:TemporalEntity .

prov:wasAttributedTo a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "was attributed to"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "The relation between an entity ascribed to an agent and that agent."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy prov: ;
    rdfs:range prov:Agent .

tvc:withValue a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "with value"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "The relation between the value in time situation and the actual value held by the entity partaking in that situation."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/tvc/> ;
    rdfs:range tvc:ValueInTime .

time:TemporalEntity a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "temporal entity"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal interval or instant."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy time: .

prov:Agent a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "agent"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Something that bears some form of responsibility for an activity taking place, for the existence of an entity, or for another agent's activity."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy prov: .

xsd:float a rdfs:Datatype .

xsd:integer a rdfs:Datatype .

foaf:Person a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "person"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "A person."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy foaf: .

tvc:ValueInTime a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "value in time"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "A particular kind of time-indexed situation that represents a hub linking the entity having a particular value, the value itself and the temporal and contextual extents from which the entity-value relationship depends."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/tvc/> .