DoCO, the Document Components Ontology

IRI:
http://purl.org/spar/doco
Version IRI:
http://purl.org/spar/doco/2015-07-03
Date:
03/07/2015
Current version:
1.3
Previous version:
https://svn.code.sf.net/p/sempublishing/code/DoCO/2014-05-14_doco-1_2.owl (visualise it with LODE)
Authors:
David Shotton
Silvio Peroni
Imported Ontologies:
http://purl.org/spar/deo (visualise it with LODE)
http://purl.org/spar/po (visualise it with LODE)
This work is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

Abstract

The Document Components Ontology (DoCO) in an ontology that provides a structured vocabulary written of document components, both structural (e.g., block, inline, paragraph, section, chapter) and rhetorical (e.g., introduction, discussion, acknowledgements, reference list, figure, appendix). **URL:** http://purl.org/spar/doco **Creators**: [David Shotton](http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5506-523X), [Silvio Peroni](http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0530-4305) **License:** [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode) **Website:** http://www.sparontologies.net/ontologies/doco **Cite as:** Constantin, A., Peroni, S., Pettifer, S., Shotton, D., Vitali, F. (2016). The Document Components Ontology (DoCO). In Semantic Web, 7 (2): 167-181. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/SW-150177

Table of Content

  1. Introduction
  2. Classes
  3. Object Properties
  4. Annotation Properties
  5. General Axioms
  6. Namespace Declarations

Introduction

DoCO, the Document Components Ontology, provides a structured vocabulary written in OWL 2 DL of document components, both structural (e.g. block, inline, paragraph, section, chapter) and rhetorical (e.g. introduction, discussion, acknowledgements, reference list, figure, appendix), enabling these components, and documents composed of them, to be described in RDF. It imports the Discourse Elements Ontology (http://purl.org/spar/deo) and the Document Structural Patterns Ontology (http://purl.org/spar/po), and uses seven rhetorical block elements abstracted from the SALT Rhetorical Ontology and the Ontology of Rhetorical Blocks (ORB).

Classes

abstractc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/Abstract

A brief summary of a book, a research article, thesis, review, conference proceeding or any in-depth analysis of a particular subject or discipline, the purpose of which is to help the reader quickly ascertain the publication's purpose.
is equivalent to
abstractc
has super-classes
(chapterc or sectionc) and (is part ofop some body matterc or front matterc)
is disjoint with
afterwordc, appendixc, colophonc, forewordc, glossaryc, indexc, list of figuresc, list of tablesc, prefacec, table of contentsc

afterwordc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/Afterword

A literary device that is often found at the end of a piece of literature. It generally covers the story of how the book came into being, or how the idea for the book was developed. Alternatively, it may be written by someone other than the author of the book, and may discuss the work's historical or cultural context, if the work is being reissued many years after its original publication.
has super-classes
sectionc and (is part ofop some back matterc)
is disjoint with
abstractc, appendixc, colophonc, forewordc, glossaryc, indexc, list of figuresc, list of tablesc, prefacec, table of contentsc

appendixc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/Appendix

A supplemental addition to the main work. It may contain data, more detailed information about methods and materials, or provide additional detail concerning the information found in the main work.
has super-classes
(sectionc and headed containerc) and (is part ofop some back matterc)
is disjoint with
abstractc, afterwordc, colophonc, forewordc, glossaryc, indexc, list of figuresc, list of tablesc, prefacec, table of contentsc

back matterc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/BackMatter

The final principle part of a document, in which is usually found the bibliography, index, appendixes, etc.
has super-classes
discourse elementc and containerc
is contained byop only not (back matterc or body matterc or front matterc)
is disjoint with
body matterc, captioned boxc, chapterc, complex run-in quotationc, footnotec, formulac, formula boxc, front matterc, listc, partc, sectionc, tablec

bibliographic reference listc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/BibliographicReferenceList

A list, usually within a bibliography, of all the references within the citing document that refer to journal articles, books, book chapters, Web sites or similar publications.
has super-classes
list of referencesc and (containsop some bibliographic referencec)

bibliographyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/Bibliography

A document section containing a list of bibliographic references.
has super-classes
(chapterc or sectionc) and (has partop some bibliographic referencec)

block quotationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/BlockQuotation

A block quotation (also known as a long quotation or extract) is a quotation in a written document which is set off from the main text as a container for distinct paragraphs, which is typically distinguished visually using indentation, a different font, or smaller size. Block quotations are used for longer passages than run-in quotations (which are set off with quotation marks).
has super-classes
containerc

body matterc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/BodyMatter

The central principle part of a document, that contains the real content. It may be subdivided hierarchically by the use of chapters and sections.
has super-classes
discourse elementc and containerc
is contained byop only not (back matterc or body matterc or front matterc)
is disjoint with
back matterc, captioned boxc, chapterc, complex run-in quotationc, footnotec, formulac, formula boxc, front matterc, listc, partc, sectionc, tablec

captioned boxc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/CaptionedBox

A rectangle space within a page that contains an object and its related caption.
has super-classes
(discourse elementc and containerc) and (has partop some captionc)
is disjoint with
back matterc, body matterc, chapterc, complex run-in quotationc, footnotec, formulac, formula boxc, front matterc, listc, partc, sectionc, tablec

chapterc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/Chapter

A principle division of the body matter of a large document, such as a book, a report or a legislative document.
has super-classes
containsop some paragraphc or sectionc
containsop some not (chapterc)
discourse elementc and headed containerc
is disjoint with
back matterc, body matterc, captioned boxc, complex run-in quotationc, footnotec, formulac, formula boxc, front matterc, listc, partc, sectionc, tablec

chapter labelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/ChapterLabel

A block containing a label for the chapter, that may include the chapter number.
has super-classes
labelc and (is part ofop some chapterc)
is disjoint with
section labelc

chapter subtitlec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/ChapterSubtitle

The subtitle of a chapter.
has super-classes
subtitlec
is part ofop some chapterc
is disjoint with
section subtitlec

chapter titlec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/ChapterTitle

The title of a chapter.
has super-classes
titlec
is contained by as headerop some chapterc
is disjoint with
section titlec

colophonc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/Colophon

A brief description of publication or production notes relevant to the document.
has super-classes
sectionc and (is part ofop some back matterc or front matterc)
is disjoint with
abstractc, afterwordc, appendixc, forewordc, glossaryc, indexc, list of figuresc, list of tablesc, prefacec, table of contentsc

complex run-in quotationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/ComplexRunInQuotation

A quotation with a complex structure, that is included inline and is usually enclosed within quotation marks.
has super-classes
discourse elementc
popupc
is disjoint with
back matterc, body matterc, captioned boxc, chapterc, footnotec, formulac, formula boxc, front matterc, listc, partc, sectionc, tablec

figurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/Figure

A communication object comprising one or more graphics, drawings, images, or other visual representations..
has super-classes
discourse elementc
metac or milestonec

figure boxc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/FigureBox

A space within a document that contains a figure and its caption.
has super-classes
captioned boxc and (has partop some figurec)
is disjoint with
table boxc

figure labelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/FigureLabel

A block containing a label for the figure box, that may include the figure number.
has super-classes
labelc and (is part ofop some figure boxc)

footnotec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/Footnote

A structure within a sentence that permits the author to make a comment or to cite another publication in support of the text, or both. A footnote is normally flagged by a superscript number immediately following that portion of the text to which it relates. For convenience of reading, the text of the footnote is usually printed at the bottom of the page or at the end of a text.
has super-classes
discourse elementc
containerc or popupc
is disjoint with
back matterc, body matterc, captioned boxc, chapterc, complex run-in quotationc, formulac, formula boxc, front matterc, listc, partc, sectionc, tablec

forewordc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/Foreword

A section in a book or report, usually written by someone other than the author, that introduces or commends the document to the reader. It may include description of the interaction between the writer of the foreword and the author.
has super-classes
sectionc and (is part ofop some front matterc)
is disjoint with
abstractc, afterwordc, appendixc, colophonc, glossaryc, indexc, list of figuresc, list of tablesc, prefacec, table of contentsc

formulac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/Formula

A unit of information expressed in mathematical, chemical or logical symbols and language.
has super-classes
discourse elementc
popupc
is disjoint with
back matterc, body matterc, captioned boxc, chapterc, complex run-in quotationc, footnotec, formula boxc, front matterc, listc, partc, sectionc, tablec

formula boxc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/FormulaBox

A space within a document that contains one or more formulae.
has super-classes
(discourse elementc and containerc) and (has partop some formulac)
is disjoint with
back matterc, body matterc, captioned boxc, chapterc, complex run-in quotationc, footnotec, formulac, front matterc, listc, partc, sectionc, tablec

front matterc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/FrontMatter

The initial principle part of a document, usually containing self-referential metadata. In a book, this typically includes its title, authors, publisher, publication date, ISBN and copyright declaration, together with the preface, foreword, table of content, etc. In a journal article, the front matter is normally restricted to the title, authors and the authors' affiliation details, although the latter may alternatively be included in a footnote or the back matter. In books, the front matter pages may be numbered in lowercase Roman numerals.
has super-classes
discourse elementc and containerc
is contained byop only not (back matterc or body matterc or front matterc)
is disjoint with
back matterc, body matterc, captioned boxc, chapterc, complex run-in quotationc, footnotec, formulac, formula boxc, listc, partc, sectionc, tablec

glossaryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/Glossary

A set of definitions of words or phrases of importance to the work, normally alphabetized. In longer works of fiction, the entries may contains places and characters.
has super-classes
sectionc and (is part ofop some back matterc or front matterc)
is disjoint with
abstractc, afterwordc, appendixc, colophonc, forewordc, indexc, list of figuresc, list of tablesc, prefacec, table of contentsc

headerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/orb/1.0/Header

is equivalent to
front matterc

indexc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/Index

A section containing a list of references to information on the named topic of importance to the content of the document. The references may be to page numbers, paragraph numbers, section numbers or chapter numbers within the document.
has super-classes
(sectionc and headed containerc) and (is part ofop some back matterc)
has partop some list of referencesc and (containsop only relationop some text chunkc)
is disjoint with
abstractc, afterwordc, appendixc, colophonc, forewordc, glossaryc, list of figuresc, list of tablesc, prefacec, table of contentsc

labelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/Label

A block containing text, that may include a number (e.g., "Chapter Three", "3.2", "Figure 1", "Table"), used to identify an item within the document, for example a chapter, a figure, a section or a table.
has super-classes
discourse elementc
is contained byop some blockc or containerc
has sub-classes
section labelc
is disjoint with
paragraphc, subtitlec, titlec

linec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/Line

A line in poetry is a unit of language into which a poem is divided which operates on principles which are distinct from and not necessarily coincident with grammatical structures, such as the sentence or clauses in sentences. A distinct numbered group of lines in verse is normally called a stanza.
has super-classes
discourse elementc
blockc

listc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/List

An enumeration of items.
has super-classes
discourse elementc
containsop only blockc or fieldc or (containerc and (not (headed containerc or tablec)))
tablec and (containsop some patternc)
has sub-classes
list of agentsc
is disjoint with
back matterc, body matterc, captioned boxc, chapterc, complex run-in quotationc, footnotec, formulac, formula boxc, front matterc, partc, sectionc, tablec

list of agentsc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/ListOfAgents

A list of items each denoting an agent, such as an author, a contributor or an organization, related to a particular publication.
has super-classes
listc
has sub-classes
list of authorsc, list of contributorsc, list of organizationsc
is disjoint with
list of referencesc

list of authorsc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/ListOfAuthors

A list of items each denoting an author of a particular publication.
has super-classes
list of agentsc
is disjoint with
list of contributorsc, list of organizationsc

list of contributorsc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/ListOfContributors

A list of items, each denoting a contributor to a publication such as an encyclopedia or a text book, where such contributions are insufficient to warrant classification as author.
has super-classes
list of agentsc
is disjoint with
list of authorsc, list of organizationsc

list of figuresc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/ListOfFigures

A section of the document listing all the figures, identified by their titles and referenced to their locations in the document. May also be referred to as 'List of illustrations'.
has super-classes
(sectionc and headed containerc) and (is part ofop some back matterc or front matterc)
has partop some list of referencesc and (containsop only relationop some figure boxc)
is disjoint with
abstractc, afterwordc, appendixc, colophonc, forewordc, glossaryc, indexc, list of tablesc, prefacec, table of contentsc

list of organizationsc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/ListOfOrganizations

A list of items, each denoting an organization or institution related to the publication, for example the authors' affiliations, or the suppliers of information, software, equipment or consumables used in the work described in the publication.
has super-classes
list of agentsc
is disjoint with
list of authorsc, list of contributorsc

list of referencesc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/ListOfReferences

A list of items each representing a reference to a specific part of the same document, or to another publication.
has super-classes
listc and (containsop only referencec)
is disjoint with
list of agentsc

list of tablesc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/ListOfTables

A section of the document listing all the tables, identified by their titles and referenced to their locations in the document.
has super-classes
has partop some list of referencesc and (containsop only relationop some table boxc)
(sectionc and headed containerc) and (is part ofop some back matterc or front matterc)
is disjoint with
abstractc, afterwordc, appendixc, colophonc, forewordc, glossaryc, indexc, list of figuresc, prefacec, table of contentsc

paragraphc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/Paragraph

A self-contained unit of discourse that deals with a particular point or idea. Paragraphs contains one or more sentences. The start of a paragraph is indicated by beginning on a new line, which may be indented or separated by a small vertical space by the preceding paragraph.
has super-classes
(discourse elementc and blockc) and (containsop some sentencec)
is disjoint with
labelc, subtitlec, titlec

partc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/Part

A container of a semantic subdivision of a document. For example, chapters of a novel may be grouped into distinct parts that may be named 'Part 1', 'Part 2', etc., 'Book 1', 'Book 2', etc., or 'Genesis', 'Exodus', etc.
has super-classes
discourse elementc and containerc
is disjoint with
back matterc, body matterc, captioned boxc, chapterc, complex run-in quotationc, footnotec, formulac, formula boxc, front matterc, listc, sectionc, tablec

prefacec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/Preface

A section describing how the document came into being, or how the idea for it was developed. The preface may contains acknowledgements. The preface to a later edition of the work often explains in what respect that edition differs from previous ones.
has super-classes
sectionc and (is part ofop some front matterc)
is disjoint with
abstractc, afterwordc, appendixc, colophonc, forewordc, glossaryc, indexc, list of figuresc, list of tablesc, table of contentsc

sectionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/Section

A logical division of the text, usually numbered and/or titled, which may contain subsections.
has super-classes
containsop some not (chapterc)
discourse elementc and headed containerc
containsop some paragraphc or sectionc
is disjoint with
back matterc, body matterc, captioned boxc, chapterc, complex run-in quotationc, footnotec, formulac, formula boxc, front matterc, listc, partc, tablec

section labelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/SectionLabel

A block containing a label for the section, that may include the section number.
has super-classes
labelc
is part ofop some sectionc
is disjoint with
chapter labelc

section subtitlec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/SectionSubtitle

The subtitle of a section.
has super-classes
subtitlec
is part ofop some sectionc
is disjoint with
chapter subtitlec

section titlec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/SectionTitle

The title of a section.
has super-classes
titlec
is contained by as headerop some sectionc
is disjoint with
chapter titlec

sentencec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/Sentence

An expression in natural language forming a single grammatical unit. A sentence minimally consists of a subject and an intransitive verb, or a subject, a transitive verb and an object, and may include additional dependent clauses. In written text, a sentence is always terminated by a full stop. A sentence can include words grouped meaningfully to express a statement, a question, an exclamation, a request or a command.
has super-classes
discourse elementc
inlinec
is disjoint with
simple run-in quotationc, text chunkc

simple run-in quotationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/SimpleRunInQuotation

A textual quotation that is included inline and is usually enclosed within quotation marks.
has super-classes
inlinec
is disjoint with
sentencec, text chunkc

stanzac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/Stanza

A unit within a larger poem. A stanza consists of a grouping of lines, set off by a vertical space from other stanzas, that usually has a set pattern of meter and rhyme.
has super-classes
(discourse elementc and containerc) and (containsop only linec)

subtitlec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/Subtitle

An explanatory or alternative title of a publication. For example, Mary Shelley uses the alternative title 'The Modern Prometheus' to hint at the theme of her most famous novel 'Frankenstein'; Nick Efford uses the subtitle 'a practical introduction using Java' to qualify the title of his book 'Digital Image Processing'.
has super-classes
discourse elementc
blockc
has sub-classes
chapter subtitlec, section subtitlec
is disjoint with
labelc, paragraphc, titlec

tablec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/Table

A set of data arranged in cells within rows and columns.
has super-classes
discourse elementc
tablec
containsop some containerc
is disjoint with
back matterc, body matterc, captioned boxc, chapterc, complex run-in quotationc, footnotec, formulac, formula boxc, front matterc, listc, partc, sectionc

table boxc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/TableBox

A space within a document that contains a table and its caption.
has super-classes
captioned boxc and (has partop some tablec)
is disjoint with
figure boxc

table labelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/TableLabel

A block containing a label for the table box, that may include the table number.
has super-classes
labelc and (is part ofop some table boxc)

table of contentsc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/TableOfContents

A section of the document listing all the chapters and sections, identified by their titles and referenced to their locations in the document. The table of contents may include a list of the front-matter and back-matter items, in addition to the body-matter items. Where the document is a journal or magazine issue, the table of content lists the constituent items contained in that issue, typically by title, authors and first page number.
has super-classes
sectionc and (is part ofop some back matterc or front matterc)
has partop some list of referencesc and (containsop only relationop some sectionc)
is disjoint with
abstractc, afterwordc, appendixc, colophonc, forewordc, glossaryc, indexc, list of figuresc, list of tablesc, prefacec

text boxc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/TextBox

A space within a document that contains textual content relating to, quoting from or expanding upon the main text. Usually a textbox is delimited by a border or use of a background colour distinct from that of the main text.
has super-classes
discourse elementc
containerc

text chunkc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/TextChunk

A piece of text defined by a start point and an end point.
has super-classes
inlinec
is disjoint with
sentencec, simple run-in quotationc

titlec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/doco/Title

A word, phrase or sentence that precedes and indicates the subject of a document or a document component - e.g., a book, a report, a news article, a chapter, a section or a table.
has super-classes
discourse elementc
blockc or fieldc
is contained by as headerop some headed containerc
has sub-classes
chapter titlec, section titlec
is disjoint with
labelc, paragraphc, subtitlec

Object Properties

containsop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.essepuntato.it/2008/12/pattern#contains

has super-properties
has partop

is contained byop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.essepuntato.it/2008/12/pattern#isContainedBy

has super-properties
is part ofop

Annotation Properties

commentap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment

creatorap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/creator

dateap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/date

descriptionap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description

labelap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label

rightsap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/rights

titleap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title

General Axioms

All Disjoint Classes back to ToC

abstractc, afterwordc, appendixc, colophonc, forewordc, glossaryc, indexc, list of figuresc, list of tablesc, prefacec, table of contentsc

All Disjoint Classes back to ToC

labelc, paragraphc, subtitlec, titlec

All Disjoint Classes back to ToC

list of authorsc, list of contributorsc, list of organizationsc

All Disjoint Classes back to ToC

back matterc, body matterc, captioned boxc, chapterc, complex run-in quotationc, footnotec, formulac, formula boxc, front matterc, listc, partc, sectionc, tablec

All Disjoint Classes back to ToC

sentencec, simple run-in quotationc, text chunkc

Namespace Declarations back to ToC

default namespace
http://purl.org/spar/doco#
1-0
http://purl.org/orb/1.0/
12
http://www.essepuntato.it/2008/12/
dc
http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
deo
http://purl.org/spar/deo/
doco
http://purl.org/spar/doco/
owl
http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
pattern
http://www.essepuntato.it/2008/12/pattern#
rdf
http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs
http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
spar
http://purl.org/spar/
sro
http://salt.semanticauthoring.org/ontologies/sro#
terms
http://purl.org/dc/terms/
xsd
http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#

This HTML document was obtained by processing the OWL ontology source code through LODE, Live OWL Documentation Environment, developed by Silvio Peroni.