released by

http://purl.org/spar/fr/releasedBy

as defined in The FAIR Reviews Ontology (FR)

bibliographic citation
Idafen Santana Pérez, María Poveda Villalón. The FAIR Review Ontology. Revision: 2.0.0. http://purl.org/spar/fr.
changes
* **v2.0.0**: Added new documentation, including annotation properties (e.g., `bibo:doi`, `schema:codeRepository`, etc.), term properties (e.g., `vann:example`, `vs:term_status`, etc.), exemplary competency questions with their respective SPARQL queries, and a Grafoo diagram. Added the additional classes and properties from external ontologies. Replaced `fr:ratingValue` with `bido:hasRatingValue`, given they were identical in their implementation and the latter already existed. Replaced `skos:inScheme` with `bido:isDefinedIn`, given it is its subproperty that is appliable to categorical bibliometric data, such as in this case.
code repository
contributor
Silvio Peroni (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0530-4305)
Sebastian Barzaghi (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0799-1527)
created
2017-09-01
creator
María Poveda Villalón (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3587-0367)
Idafen Santana Pérez (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8296-8629)
date
2026-08-14
description
The **_FAIR Reviews Ontology (FR)_** defines a set of classes, properties and axioms, for describing research reviews as semantic objects, reusing standard existing vocabularies using ontology engineering techniques. Besides defining its own classes and properties, FR reuses many ontological elements drawn from existing ontologies such as [FaBiO](http://purl.org/spar/fabio/), [BiDO](http://purl.org/spar/bido), [DataCite](http://purl.org/spar/datacite/) from the SPAR Ontologies, and others like [ODRL](https://www.w3.org/community/odrl/), [FOAF](http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/), [SKOS](http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#) or the [Lexvo Ontology](http://lexvo.org/ontology). ![The architecture of FR.](fr.png) It is used to annotate http://fairreviews.linkeddata.es/ data. ## Examples of use In the following subsections, we introduce some examples to showcase how to use FR. The prefixes that are used in all the examples provided below are defined as follows: @prefix fr: <http://purl.org/spar/fr/> . @prefix bido: <http://purl.org/spar/bido/> . @prefix cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/> . @prefix fr: <http://purl.org/spar/fr/> . @prefix fabio: <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/> . @prefix c4o: <http://purl.org/spar/c4o/> . @prefix datacite: <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/> . @prefix literal: <http://www.essepuntato.it/2010/06/literalreification/> . @prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> . ### Describing a workshop review FR can be used to describe any kind of research review, such as a workshop review. More precisely, the example represents the instantiation of the model for an existing review issued for the _SemSci2017_ workshop. The original review is [available as plain text online](https://semsci.github.io/semSci2017/openReview/Paper2Reviews.txt). <https://w3id.org/fr/resource/paper/1> a fabio:ConferencePaper ; fabio:hasURL "http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1931/paper-01.pdf"^^xsd:anyURI . <https://w3id.org/fr/resource/pid/1> a datacite:PersonalIdentifier ; datacite:usesIdentifierScheme datacite:orcid ; literal:hasLiteralValue "0000-0001-8296-8629" . <https://w3id.org/fr/resource/review/1> a fabio:Review ; frbr:realization <https://w3id.org/fr/resource/rev/1> . <https://w3id.org/fr/resource/rev/1> a fr:ReviewVersion ; frbr:creator <http://w3id.org/people/idafensp> ; dcterms:language <http://www.lexvo.org/page/iso639-3/eng> ; dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0> ; fr:hasRating bido:sa-sr-bl-wacc ; fr:hasReviewerConfidence bido:acl-1-5-acl4 ; cito:reviews <https://w3id.org/fr/resource/paper/1> ; fr:issuedAt <https://easychair.org> ; fr:issuedFor <https://semsci.github.io/semSci2017> ; fr:releasedBy <https://semsci.github.io/semSci2017> ; dcterms:issued "2017-08-22"^^xsd:date ; c4o:hasContent """The paper introduces SMS, a platform for for data integration in the context of STI. The paper is general well written, proposing an interesting contribution as well as sufficient evidences, in the form of pointers to online resources, to support its claims. It is not clear though which is the research question being targeted in this paper. The paper elaborates on the features of the SMS platform, including its models and its applications, but lacks to provide insights on the novelty of the approach and how it compares to others. Also, authors could consider adding some narrative to section 3, or even better, try to include those use cases as part of the descriptions of the SMS platform along section 2. As a minor comment, the abstract and the first paragraph of section 1 are almost identical. Authors should consider removing or rephrasing them."""^^rdfs:Literal . ## Competency Questions FR can be used for answering several questions related to research reviews characteristics. In the following subsections, some of them are introduced together with their respective SPARQL queries. The prefixes that are used in all the SPARQL queries provided below are defined as follows: PREFIX fr: <http://purl.org/spar/fr/> PREFIX c4o: <http://purl.org/spar/c4o/> PREFIX cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/> PREFIX dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> PREFIX fabio: <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/> PREFIX frbr: <http://purl.org/vocab/frbr/core#> ### CQ1 Which document is reviewed by a specific review version, and who is its creator? SELECT ?reviewVersion ?paper ?creator WHERE { ?reviewVersion a fr:ReviewVersion ; cito:reviews ?paper . OPTIONAL { ?reviewVersion frbr:creator ?creator . } } ### CQ2 What rating and reviewer confidence score are assigned to a review version? SELECT ?reviewVersion ?rating ?confidence WHERE { ?reviewVersion a fr:ReviewVersion ; fr:hasRating ?rating . OPTIONAL { ?reviewVersion fr:hasReviewerConfidence ?confidence . } } ### CQ3 At which platform was a review version issued, and for which venue or event was it issued? SELECT ?reviewVersion ?platform ?venue WHERE { ?reviewVersion a fr:ReviewVersion ; fr:issuedAt ?platform . OPTIONAL { ?reviewVersion fr:issuedFor ?venue . } } ### CQ4 Which agent or entity released a review version, and on what date was it issued? SELECT ?reviewVersion ?releasingEntity ?issueDate WHERE { ?reviewVersion a fr:ReviewVersion ; fr:releasedBy ?releasingEntity . OPTIONAL { ?reviewVersion dcterms:issued ?issueDate . } } ### CQ5 What is the full review version of a review, including its textual content and license? SELECT ?review ?reviewVersion ?content ?license WHERE { ?review a fabio:Review ; frbr:realization ?reviewVersion . ?reviewVersion a fr:ReviewVersion . OPTIONAL { ?reviewVersion c4o:hasContent ?content . } OPTIONAL { ?reviewVersion dcterms:license ?license . } }
doi
https://doi.org/10.25504/FAIRsharing.e7e609
image
imports
included in data catalog
is backward compatible with
issued
2017-11-07
keywords
scientometrics
semantic publishing
bibliometrics
scholarly reviews
scholarly publishing
license
logo
modified
2026-08-14
preferred namespace prefix
fr
preferred namespace uri
http://purl.org/spar/fr
prior version
publisher
see also
source
status
title
The FAIR Reviews Ontology (FR)
version
version info
2.0.0
Other visualisation
WebVOWL Source
Export
Turtle RDF/XML JSON-LD N-Triples

released by
op

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/fr/releasedBy

comment
The relation between a review and the agent publishing it. It might be the author of the review or conference or journal to which the scientific resource was submitted to.
en
domain
review versionc
range
agentc
is defined by
http://purl.org/spar/fr/
label
released by
en
term status
example
:my-review-version a fr:ReviewVersion ; fr:releasedBy :my-conference . :my-conference a foaf:Agent . 

@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix fr: <http://purl.org/spar/fr/> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix reg: <http://purl.org/linked-data/registry#> .
@prefix vann: <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/> .
@prefix vs: <http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#> .

fr:releasedBy a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "released by"@en ;
    vann:example """
	:my-review-version a fr:ReviewVersion ;
		fr:releasedBy :my-conference .

	:my-conference a foaf:Agent .
    """ ;
    rdfs:comment "The relation between a review and the agent publishing it. It might be the author of the review or conference or journal to which the scientific resource was submitted to."@en ;
    rdfs:domain fr:ReviewVersion ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy fr: ;
    rdfs:range foaf:Agent ;
    vs:term_status reg:statusStable .


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<rdf:RDF
   xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
   xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
   xmlns:vann="http://purl.org/vocab/vann/"
   xmlns:vs="http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#"
>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/spar/fr/releasedBy">
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Agent"/>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">released by</rdfs:label>
    <rdfs:comment xml:lang="en">The relation between a review and the agent publishing it. It might be the author of the review or conference or journal to which the scientific resource was submitted to.</rdfs:comment>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="http://purl.org/spar/fr/ReviewVersion"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty"/>
    <rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.org/spar/fr/"/>
    <vs:term_status rdf:resource="http://purl.org/linked-data/registry#statusStable"/>
    <vann:example>
	:my-review-version a fr:ReviewVersion ;
		fr:releasedBy :my-conference .

	:my-conference a foaf:Agent .
    </vann:example>
  </rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>

[
  {
    "@id": "http://purl.org/spar/fr/releasedBy",
    "@type": [
      "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty"
    ],
    "http://purl.org/vocab/vann/example": [
      {
        "@value": "\n\t:my-review-version a fr:ReviewVersion ;\n\t\tfr:releasedBy :my-conference .\n\n\t:my-conference a foaf:Agent .\n    "
      }
    ],
    "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment": [
      {
        "@language": "en",
        "@value": "The relation between a review and the agent publishing it. It might be the author of the review or conference or journal to which the scientific resource was submitted to."
      }
    ],
    "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#domain": [
      {
        "@id": "http://purl.org/spar/fr/ReviewVersion"
      }
    ],
    "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#isDefinedBy": [
      {
        "@id": "http://purl.org/spar/fr/"
      }
    ],
    "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [
      {
        "@language": "en",
        "@value": "released by"
      }
    ],
    "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#range": [
      {
        "@id": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Agent"
      }
    ],
    "http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#term_status": [
      {
        "@id": "http://purl.org/linked-data/registry#statusStable"
      }
    ]
  }
]
<http://purl.org/spar/fr/releasedBy> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#range> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Agent> .
<http://purl.org/spar/fr/releasedBy> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "released by"@en .
<http://purl.org/spar/fr/releasedBy> <http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#term_status> <http://purl.org/linked-data/registry#statusStable> .
<http://purl.org/spar/fr/releasedBy> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#domain> <http://purl.org/spar/fr/ReviewVersion> .
<http://purl.org/spar/fr/releasedBy> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "The relation between a review and the agent publishing it. It might be the author of the review or conference or journal to which the scientific resource was submitted to."@en .
<http://purl.org/spar/fr/releasedBy> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty> .
<http://purl.org/spar/fr/releasedBy> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#isDefinedBy> <http://purl.org/spar/fr/> .
<http://purl.org/spar/fr/releasedBy> <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/example> "\n	:my-review-version a fr:ReviewVersion ;\n		fr:releasedBy :my-conference .\n\n	:my-conference a foaf:Agent .\n    " .
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